Manual
Suitable for small infestations, in areas where other techniques may cause disturbance. Manual removal includes hand pulling, digging using shovels, rakes, chisels, knives, forks or mattocks.
Disadvantages include excessive soil disturbance, spread of seeds, fruits and plant material.
Slashing and mowing
Slashing and mowing can be an effective method of limiting the spread of some invasive species. Equipment used includes mowers, brush cutters and tractor-mounted slashers, depending on the area to be treated. However, these methods can also spread seeds, bulbs and ripe fruits. It is important to treat areas before fruit or seed develop.
Ringbarking
Suitable for trees and large shrubs that do not sucker or re-shoot when damaged. Use an axe to cut away the bark and sapwood in a 5-10cm wide band below any branches around the lower trunk. Make sure that the cuts penetrate into the heartwood of the plant.
Herbicide use